* improve ResetTestRootWithChainID() concurrency safety

Rely on ioutil.TempDir() to create test root directories and ensure
multiple same-chain id test cases can run in parallel.

* Update config/toml.go

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* clean up test directories after completion

Closes: #1034

* Remove redundant EnsureDir call

* s/PanicSafety()/panic()/s

* Put create dir functionality back in ResetTestRootWithChainID

* Place test directories in OS's tempdir

In modern UNIX and UNIX-like systems /tmp is very often
mounted as tmpfs. This might speed test execution a bit.

* Set 0700 to a const

* rootsDirs -> configRootDirs

* Don't double remove directories

* Avoid global variables

* Fix consensus tests

* Reduce defer stack

* Address review comments

* Try to fix tests

* Update CHANGELOG_PENDING.md

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* Update consensus/common_test.go

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* Update consensus/common_test.go

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* types.NewCommit

* use types.NewCommit everywhere

* fix log in unsafe_reset

* memoize height and round in constructor

* notes about deprecating toVote

* bring back memoizeHeightRound

* types: memoize height/round in commit instead of first vote

* types: commit.ValidateBasic in VerifyCommit

* types: new CommitSig alias for Vote

In preparation for reducing the redundancy in Commits, we introduce the
CommitSig as an alias for Vote. This is non-breaking on the protocol,
and minor breaking on the Go API, as Commit now contains a list of
CommitSig instead of Vote.

* remove dependence on ToVote

* update some comments

* fix tests

* fix tests

* fixes from review

privval: remove GetAddress(), memoize pubkey

* fix fastsync may stuck by a wrong block

* fixes from updates

* fixes from review

* Align spec with the changes

* fmt

* p2p/conn: FlushStop. Use in pex. Closes #2092

In seed mode, we call StopPeer immediately after Send.
Since flushing msgs to the peer happens in the background,
the peer connection is often closed before the messages are
actually sent out. The new FlushStop method allows all msgs
to first be written and flushed out on the conn before it is closed.

* fix dummy peer

* typo

* fixes from review

* more comments

* ensure pex doesn't call FlushStop more than once

FlushStop is not safe to call more than once,
but we call it from Receive in a go-routine so Receive
doesn't block.

To ensure we only call it once, we use the lastReceivedRequests
map - if an entry already exists, then FlushStop should already have
been called and we can return.

* p2p: bring back OriginalAddr

* p2p: set OriginalAddr

* update changelog

* p2p: NodeInfo is an interface

* (squash) fixes from review

* (squash) more fixes from review

* p2p: remove peerConn.HandshakeTimeout

* p2p: NodeInfo is two interfaces. Remove String()

* fixes from review

* remove test code from peer.RemoteIP()

* p2p: remove peer.OriginalAddr(). See #2618

* use a mockPeer in peer_set_test.go

* p2p: fix testNodeInfo naming

* p2p: remove unused var

* remove testRandNodeInfo

* fix linter

* fix retry dialing self

* fix rpc

We are swapping the exisiting listener implementation with the newly
introduced Transport and its default implementation MultiplexTransport,
removing a large chunk of old connection setup and handling scattered
over the Peer and Switch code. The Switch requires a Transport now and
handles externally passed Peer filters.

* remove ConsensusParams.TxSize and ConsensusParams.BlockGossip

Refs #2347

* block part size is now fixed

Refs #2347

* use max data size, not max bytes for tx limit

Refs #2347

- state.MakeBlock takes a proposerAddr
- validateBlock only checks that the ProposerAddress is in the validator
  set
- fix raceyness from bad proposer test:
  - use privValidator to get the proposer address (instead of racy
    state)
  - note we had to remove the test that checked the correct proposer was
    included for higher rounds because we don't have a good way to test
    this with multiple consensus states and not using the
    privValidator.Address while calling createProposalBlock was a hack!

Refs #1720

This reverts commit d02c5d1e30.

This reverts commit 96a3502

1. remove pointer
2. add Quit() method to Service interface

https://play.golang.org/p/gN21yO9IRs3

```
func waitWithCancel(f func() *clist.CElement, ctx context.Context) *clist.CElement {
	el := make(chan *clist.CElement, 1)
	select {
	case el <- f():
```
will just run f() blockingly, so this doesn't change much in terms of behavior.

Update all BlockValidation that it matches the last state

Update state to keep track of this info.
Change function args as needed.
Make NumTx also an int64 for consistency.

With feedback from @ebuchman, to make the tests nicer
and less fragile.

uint64 is considered dangerous. the details will follow in a blog post.

```
jaekwon
Yeah we should definitely expose ChainID.
ConsensusParams is small enough, we can just write it.
```
https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/676#discussion_r144123203

Fixes #514
Replaces #540

If a peer requests a block with a height that we don't have
respond with a bcNoBlockResponseMessage.
However, according to the Tendermint spec, if all nodes are honest
this condition shouldn't occur, so this is a possible hint of an
dishonest node.