This PR is related to #3107 and a continuation of #3351

It is important to emphasise that in the privval original design, client/server and listening/dialing roles are inverted and do not follow a conventional interaction.

Given two hosts A and B:

    Host A is listener/client
    Host B is dialer/server (contains the secret key)
    When A requires a signature, it needs to wait for B to dial in before it can issue a request.
    A only accepts a single connection and any failure leads to dropping the connection and waiting for B to reconnect.

The original rationale behind this design was based on security.

    Host B only allows outbound connections to a list of whitelisted hosts.
    It is not possible to reach B unless B dials in. There are no listening/open ports in B.

This PR results in the following changes:

    Refactors ping/heartbeat to avoid previously existing race conditions.
    Separates transport (dialer/listener) from signing (client/server) concerns to simplify workflow.
    Unifies and abstracts away the differences between unix and tcp sockets.
    A single signer endpoint implementation unifies connection handling code (read/write/close/connection obj)
    The signer request handler (server side) is customizable to increase testability.
    Updates and extends unit tests

A high level overview of the classes is as follows:

Transport (endpoints): The following classes take care of establishing a connection

    SignerDialerEndpoint
    SignerListeningEndpoint
    SignerEndpoint groups common functionality (read/write/timeouts/etc.)

Signing (client/server): The following classes take care of exchanging request/responses

    SignerClient
    SignerServer

This PR also closes #3601

Commits:

* refactoring - work in progress

* reworking unit tests

* Encapsulating and fixing unit tests

* Improve tests

* Clean up

* Fix/improve unit tests

* clean up tests

* Improving service endpoint

* fixing unit test

* fix linter issues

* avoid invalid cache values (improve later?)

* complete implementation

* wip

* improved connection loop

* Improve reconnections + fixing unit tests

* addressing comments

* small formatting changes

* clean up

* Update node/node.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_client.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_client_test.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* check during initialization

* dropping connecting when writing fails

* removing break

* use t.log instead

* unifying and using cmn.GetFreePort()

* review fixes

* reordering and unifying drop connection

* closing instead of signalling

* refactored service loop

* removed superfluous brackets

* GetPubKey can return errors

* Revert "GetPubKey can return errors"

This reverts commit 68c06f19b4.

* adding entry to changelog

* Update CHANGELOG_PENDING.md

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_client.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_dialer_endpoint.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_dialer_endpoint.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_dialer_endpoint.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_dialer_endpoint.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* Update privval/signer_listener_endpoint_test.go

Co-Authored-By: jleni <juan.leni@zondax.ch>

* updating node.go

* review fixes

* fixes linter

* fixing unit test

* small fixes in comments

* addressing review comments

* addressing review comments 2

* reverting suggestion

* Update privval/signer_client_test.go

Co-Authored-By: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* Update privval/signer_client_test.go

Co-Authored-By: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* Update privval/signer_listener_endpoint_test.go

Co-Authored-By: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* do not expose brokenSignerDialerEndpoint

* clean up logging

* unifying methods

shorten test time
signer also drops

* reenabling pings

* improving testability + unit test

* fixing go fmt + unit test

* remove unused code

* Addressing review comments

* simplifying connection workflow

* fix linter/go import issue

* using base service quit

* updating comment

* Simplifying design + adjusting names

* fixing linter issues

* refactoring test harness + fixes

* Addressing review comments

* cleaning up

* adding additional error check

* tm-cmn to tm-db

* go.mod changes

* go.mod changes

* more go.mod

* fix tm-db

* ci fix, pending change

* node: allow replacing existing p2p.Reactor(s)

using [`CustomReactors`
option](https://godoc.org/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/node#CustomReactors).
Warning: beware of accidental name clashes. Here is the list of existing
reactors: MEMPOOL, BLOCKCHAIN, CONSENSUS, EVIDENCE, PEX.

* check the absence of "CUSTOM" prefix

* merge 2 tests

* add doc.go to node package

* Remove db from tendemrint in favor of tendermint/tm-cmn

- remove db from `libs`
- update dependancy, there have been no breaking changes in the updated deps
	- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/releases
	- https://github.com/golang/protobuf/releases

Signed-off-by: Marko Baricevic <marbar3778@yahoo.com>

* changelog add

* gofmt

* more gofmt

* tm-cmn to tm-db

* go.mod changes

* go.mod changes

* more go.mod

* fix tm-db

* ci fix, pending change

* node: allow replacing existing p2p.Reactor(s)

using [`CustomReactors`
option](https://godoc.org/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/node#CustomReactors).
Warning: beware of accidental name clashes. Here is the list of existing
reactors: MEMPOOL, BLOCKCHAIN, CONSENSUS, EVIDENCE, PEX.

* check the absence of "CUSTOM" prefix

* merge 2 tests

* add doc.go to node package

* Remove db from tendemrint in favor of tendermint/tm-cmn

- remove db from `libs`
- update dependancy, there have been no breaking changes in the updated deps
	- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/releases
	- https://github.com/golang/protobuf/releases

Signed-off-by: Marko Baricevic <marbar3778@yahoo.com>

* changelog add

* gofmt

* more gofmt

* change invocation of NewNode across

* custom reactor name are prefixed with CUSTOM_

* upgate changelog pending

* improve comments

* node: refactor NewNode to use functional options

- Govet issues fixed
- 1 gosec issue solved using nolint

Signed-off-by: Marko Baricevic <marbar3778@yahoo.com>

## Description

Refs #2659

Breaking changes in the mempool package:

[mempool] #2659 Mempool now an interface
    old Mempool renamed to CListMempool
    NewMempool renamed to NewCListMempool
    Option renamed to CListOption
    MempoolReactor renamed to Reactor
    NewMempoolReactor renamed to NewReactor
    unexpose TxID method
    TxInfo.PeerID renamed to SenderID
    unexpose MempoolReactor.Mempool

Breaking changes in the state package:

[state] #2659 Mempool interface moved to mempool package
    MockMempool moved to top-level mock package and renamed to Mempool

Non Breaking changes in the node package:

[node] #2659 Add Mempool method, which allows you to access mempool

## Commits

* move Mempool interface into mempool package

Refs #2659

Breaking changes in the mempool package:

- Mempool now an interface
- old Mempool renamed to CListMempool

Breaking changes to state package:

- MockMempool moved to mempool/mock package and renamed to Mempool
- Mempool interface moved to mempool package

* assert CListMempool impl Mempool

* gofmt code

* rename MempoolReactor to Reactor

- combine everything into one interface
- rename TxInfo.PeerID to TxInfo.SenderID
- unexpose MempoolReactor.Mempool

* move mempool mock into top-level mock package

* add a fixme

TxsFront should not be a part of the Mempool interface
because it leaks implementation details. Instead, we need to come up
with general interface for querying the mempool so the MempoolReactor
can fetch and broadcast txs to peers.

* change node#Mempool to return interface

* save commit = new reactor arch

* Revert "save commit = new reactor arch"

This reverts commit 1bfceacd9d.

* require CListMempool in mempool.Reactor

* add two changelog entries

* fixes after my own review

* quote interfaces, structs and functions

* fixes after Ismail's review

* make node's mempool an interface

* make InitWAL/CloseWAL methods a part of Mempool interface

* fix merge conflicts

* make node's mempool an interface

* make BlockTimeIota a consensus parameter, not a locally configurable option

Refs #2920

* make TimeIota int64 ms

Refs #2920

* update Gopkg.toml

* fixes after Ethan's review

* fix TestRemoteSignerProposalSigningFailed

* update changelog

This issue is related to #3107
This is a first renaming/refactoring step before reworking and removing heartbeats.
As discussed with @Liamsi , we preferred to go for a couple of independent and separate PRs to simplify review work.

The changes:

    Help to clarify the relation between the validator and remote signer endpoints
    Differentiate between timeouts and deadlines
    Prepare to encapsulate networking related code behind RemoteSigner in the next PR

My intention is to separate and encapsulate the "network related" code from the actual signer.

SignerRemote ---(uses/contains)--> SignerValidatorEndpoint <--(connects to)--> SignerServiceEndpoint ---> SignerService (future.. not here yet but would like to decouple too)

All reconnection/heartbeat/whatever code goes in the endpoints. Signer[Remote/Service] do not need to know about that.

I agree Endpoint may not be the perfect name. I tried to find something "Go-ish" enough. It is a common name in go-kit, kubernetes, etc.

Right now:
SignerValidatorEndpoint:

    handles the listener
    contains SignerRemote
    Implements the PrivValidator interface
    connects and sets a connection object in a contained SignerRemote
    delegates PrivValidator some calls to SignerRemote which in turn uses the conn object that was set externally

SignerRemote:

    Implements the PrivValidator interface
    read/writes from a connection object directly
    handles heartbeats

SignerServiceEndpoint:

    Does most things in a single place
    delegates to a PrivValidator IIRC.

* cleanup

* Refactoring step 1

* Refactoring step 2

* move messages to another file

* mark for future work / next steps

* mark deprecated classes in docs

* Fix linter problems

* additional linter fixes

* green pubsub tests :OK:

* get rid of clientToQueryMap

* Subscribe and SubscribeUnbuffered

* start adapting other pkgs to new pubsub

* nope

* rename MsgAndTags to Message

* remove TagMap

it does not bring any additional benefits

* bring back EventSubscriber

* fix test

* fix data race in TestStartNextHeightCorrectly

```
Write at 0x00c0001c7418 by goroutine 796:
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.TestStartNextHeightCorrectly()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state_test.go:1296 +0xad
  testing.tRunner()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:827 +0x162

Previous read at 0x00c0001c7418 by goroutine 858:
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).addVote()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:1631 +0x1366
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).tryAddVote()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:1476 +0x8f
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).handleMsg()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:667 +0xa1e
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).receiveRoutine()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:628 +0x794

Goroutine 796 (running) created at:
  testing.(*T).Run()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:878 +0x659
  testing.runTests.func1()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:1119 +0xa8
  testing.tRunner()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:827 +0x162
  testing.runTests()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:1117 +0x4ee
  testing.(*M).Run()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:1034 +0x2ee
  main.main()
      _testmain.go:214 +0x332

Goroutine 858 (running) created at:
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).startRoutines()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:334 +0x221
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.startTestRound()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/common_test.go:122 +0x63
  github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.TestStateFullRound1()
      /go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state_test.go:255 +0x397
  testing.tRunner()
      /usr/local/go/src/testing/testing.go:827 +0x162
```

* fixes after my own review

* fix formatting

* wait 100ms before kicking a subscriber out

+ a test for indexer_service

* fixes after my second review

* no timeout

* add changelog entries

* fix merge conflicts

* fix typos after Thane's review

Co-Authored-By: melekes <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* reformat code

* rewrite indexer service in the attempt to fix failing test

https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/3227/#issuecomment-462316527

* Revert "rewrite indexer service in the attempt to fix failing test"

This reverts commit 0d9107a098.

* another attempt to fix indexer

* fixes after Ethan's review

* use unbuffered channel when indexing transactions

Refs https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/3227#discussion_r258786716

* add a comment for EventBus#SubscribeUnbuffered

* format code

* improve ResetTestRootWithChainID() concurrency safety

Rely on ioutil.TempDir() to create test root directories and ensure
multiple same-chain id test cases can run in parallel.

* Update config/toml.go

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* clean up test directories after completion

Closes: #1034

* Remove redundant EnsureDir call

* s/PanicSafety()/panic()/s

* Put create dir functionality back in ResetTestRootWithChainID

* Place test directories in OS's tempdir

In modern UNIX and UNIX-like systems /tmp is very often
mounted as tmpfs. This might speed test execution a bit.

* Set 0700 to a const

* rootsDirs -> configRootDirs

* Don't double remove directories

* Avoid global variables

* Fix consensus tests

* Reduce defer stack

* Address review comments

* Try to fix tests

* Update CHANGELOG_PENDING.md

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* Update consensus/common_test.go

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* Update consensus/common_test.go

Co-Authored-By: alessio <quadrispro@ubuntu.com>

* types.NewCommit

* use types.NewCommit everywhere

* fix log in unsafe_reset

* memoize height and round in constructor

* notes about deprecating toVote

* bring back memoizeHeightRound

Don't add committed evidence to evpool

* node: decrease retry conn timeout in test

Should fix #3256

The retry timeout was set to the default, which is the same as the
accept timeout, so it's no wonder this would fail. Here we decrease the
retry timeout so we can try many times before the accept timeout.

* p2p: increase handshake timeout in test

This fails sometimes, presumably because the handshake timeout is so low
(only 50ms). So increase it to 1s. Should fix #3187

* privval: fix race with ping. closes #3237

Pings happen in a go-routine and can happen concurrently with other
messages. Since we use a request/response protocol, we expect to send a
request and get back the corresponding response. But with pings
happening concurrently, this assumption could be violated. We were using
a mutex, but only a RWMutex, where the RLock was being held for sending
messages - this was to allow the underlying connection to be replaced if
it fails. Turns out we actually need to use a full lock (not just a read
lock) to prevent multiple requests from happening concurrently.

* node: fix test name. DelayedStop -> DelayedStart

* autofile: Wait() method

In the TestWALTruncate in consensus/wal_test.go we remove the WAL
directory at the end of the test. However the wal.Stop() does not
properly wait for the autofile group to finish shutting down. Hence it
was possible that the group's go-routine is still running when the
cleanup happens, which causes a panic since the directory disappeared.
Here we add a Wait() method to properly wait until the go-routine exits
so we can safely clean up. This fixes #2852.

* consensus: createProposalBlock function

* blockExecutor.CreateProposalBlock

- factored out of consensus pkg into a method on blockExec
- new private interfaces for mempool ("txNotifier") and evpool with one function each
- consensus tests still require more mempool methods

* failing test for CreateProposalBlock

* Fix bug in include evidece into block

* evidence: change maxBytes to maxSize

* MaxEvidencePerBlock

- changed to return both the max number and the max bytes
- preparation for #2590

* changelog

* fix linter

* Fix from review

Co-Authored-By: ebuchman <ethan@coinculture.info>

* Close and recreate a RemoteSigner on err

* Update changelog

* Address Anton's comments / suggestions:

 - update changelog
 - restart TCPVal
 - shut down on `ErrUnexpectedResponse`

* re-init remote signer client with fresh connection if Ping fails

- add/update TODOs in secret connection
- rename tcp.go -> tcp_client.go, same with ipc to clarify their purpose

* account for `conn returned by waitConnection can be `nil`

- also add TODO about RemoteSigner conn field

* Tests for retrying: IPC / TCP

 - shorter info log on success
 - set conn and use it in tests to close conn

* Tests for retrying: IPC / TCP

 - shorter info log on success
 - set conn and use it in tests to close conn
 - add rwmutex for conn field in IPC

* comments and doc.go

* fix ipc tests. fixes #2677

* use constants for tests

* cleanup some error statements

* fixes #2784, race in tests

* remove print statement

* minor fixes from review

* update comment on sts spec

* cosmetics

* p2p/conn: add failing tests

* p2p/conn: make SecretConnection thread safe

* changelog

* IPCVal signer refactor

- use a .reset() method
- don't use embedded RemoteSignerClient
- guard RemoteSignerClient with mutex
- drop the .conn
- expose Close() on RemoteSignerClient

* apply IPCVal refactor to TCPVal

* remove mtx from RemoteSignerClient

* consolidate IPCVal and TCPVal, fixes #3104

- done in tcp_client.go
- now called SocketVal
- takes a listener in the constructor
- make tcpListener and unixListener contain all the differences

* delete ipc files

* introduce unix and tcp dialer for RemoteSigner

* rename files

- drop tcp_ prefix
- rename priv_validator.go to file.go

* bring back listener options

* fix node

* fix priv_val_server

* fix node test

* minor cleanup and comments

* fix fastsync may stuck by a wrong block

* fixes from updates

* fixes from review

* Align spec with the changes

* fmt

* update ConsensusState#OnStop comment

* consensus: set logger for WAL in tests

* refactor privValidator client code and tests

follow-up on https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2866

Ref #2827

(I have since seen #2847 which is a fix for the same issue; this PR has tests and docs too ;) )

* abci: update RequestInfo for versions

* abci: update ResponseInfo for versions

* compile fix

* fix test

* software_version -> version

* comment fix

* update spec

* add test

* comments and fix test

Fixes #2320

Currently the top level directory contains basically all of the code
for the crypto package. This PR moves the crypto code into submodules
in a similar manner to what `golang/x/crypto` does. This improves code
organization.

Ref discussion: https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/1966

Closes #1956

This reverts commit d02c5d1e30.

This reverts commit 96a3502

1. remove pointer
2. add Quit() method to Service interface

See https://github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/issues/45