Noticed in profiles that invoking *VoteSignBytes always created a
bytes.Buffer, then discarded it inside protoio.MarshalDelimited.
I dug further and examined the call paths and noticed that we
unconditionally create the bytes.Buffer, even though we might
have proto messages (in the common case) that implement
MarshalTo([]byte), and invoked varintWriter. Instead by inlining
this case, we skip a bunch of allocations and CPU cycles,
which then reflects properly on all calling functions. Here
are the benchmark results:

```shell
$ benchstat before.txt after.txt
name                                        old time/op    new time/op      delta
types.VoteSignBytes-8                       705ns ± 3%     573ns ± 6%       -18.74% (p=0.000 n=18+20)
types.CommitVoteSignBytes-8                 8.15µs ± 9%    6.81µs ± 4%      -16.51% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
protoio.MarshalDelimitedWithMarshalTo-8     788ns ± 8%     772ns ± 3%       -2.01%  (p=0.050 n=20+20)
protoio.MarshalDelimitedNoMarshalTo-8       989ns ± 4%     845ns ± 2%       -14.51% (p=0.000 n=20+18)

name                                        old alloc/op   new alloc/op    delta
types.VoteSignBytes-8                       792B ± 0%      600B ± 0%       -24.24%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)
types.CommitVoteSignBytes-8                 9.52kB ± 0%    7.60kB ± 0%     -20.17%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)
protoio.MarshalDelimitedNoMarshalTo-8       808B ± 0%      440B ± 0%       -45.54%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)

name                                        old allocs/op  new allocs/op   delta
types.VoteSignBytes-8                       13.0 ± 0%      10.0 ± 0%       -23.08%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)
types.CommitVoteSignBytes-8                 140 ± 0%       110 ± 0%        -21.43%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)
protoio.MarshalDelimitedNoMarshalTo-8       10.0 ± 0%      7.0 ± 0%        -30.00%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)
```

Thanks to Tharsis who tasked me to help them increase TPS and who
are keen on improving Tendermint and efficiency.

(cherry picked from commit 3e92899bd9)

Co-authored-by: Emmanuel T Odeke <emmanuel@orijtech.com>

(cherry picked from commit 76dea94a01)

Co-authored-by: M. J. Fromberger <fromberger@interchain.io>

## Description

Internalize some libs. This reduces the amount ot public API tendermint is supporting. The moved libraries are mainly ones that are used within Tendermint-core.

## Description

- Add `context.Context` to Privval interface

This pr does not introduce context into our custom privval connection protocol because this will be removed in the next release. When this pr is released.

## Description

This PR aims to make the crypto.PubKey interface more intuitive. 

Changes: 

- `VerfiyBytes` -> `VerifySignature`

Before `Bytes()` was amino encoded, now since it is the byte representation should we get rid of it entirely?

EDIT: decided to keep `Bytes()` as it is useful if you are using the interface instead of the concrete key

Closes: #XXX

Fixes some minor issues with Protobuf enums, not likely to break anything.

Branched off of #5096, rebase to `master` before merging.

Co-authored-by: mergify[bot] <37929162+mergify[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* test-vectors for backwards compatibility:

 - copy & paste test-vectors from v0.33.5 to ensure
 backwards compatibility for vote's SignBytes

* WIP: everything besides time seems to match :-/

* almost

* Found the culprit: field nums weren't consecutive ints ...

* fix order of partset header too

* this last votes-related test can easily be fixed

* some minor changes and fix last failing test

* move proto types back to stdtime, fix various linting

* use libs/protoio

* remvoe commented code

* add comments

* fix tests

* uncomment testscases

* dont ignore error panic

* fix signable test

* fix happy path testing

* fix comment

Co-authored-by: Marko Baricevic <marbar3778@yahoo.com>

## Description

these proto files are meant to help unblock ibc in their quest of migrating the ibc module to proto.

Closes: #XXX

closes #3602

Co-authored-by: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* types: change `Commit` to consist of just signatures

These are final changes towards removing votes from commit and leaving
only signatures (see ADR-25)

Fixes #1648

* bring back TestCommitToVoteSetWithVotesForAnotherBlockOrNilBlock

+ add absent flag to Vote to indicate that it's for another block

* encode nil votes as CommitSig with BlockIDFlagAbsent

+ make Commit#Precommits array of non-pointers
because precommit will never be nil

* add NewCommitSigAbsent and Absent() funcs

* uncomment validation in CommitSig#ValidateBasic

* add comments to ValidatorSet funcs

* add a changelog entry

* break instead of continue

continue does not make sense in these cases

* types: rename Commit#Precommits to Signatures

* swagger: fix /commit response

* swagger: change block_id_flag type

* fix merge conflicts

Refs #3262

* Fix long line errors in abci, crypto, and libs packages

* Fix long lines in p2p and rpc packages

* Fix long lines in abci, state, and tools packages

* Fix long lines in behaviour and blockchain packages

* Fix long lines in cmd and config packages

* Begin fixing long lines in consensus package

* Finish fixing long lines in consensus package

* Add lll exclusion for lines containing URLs

* Fix long lines in crypto package

* Fix long lines in evidence package

* Fix long lines in mempool and node packages

* Fix long lines in libs package

* Fix long lines in lite package

* Fix new long line in node package

* Fix long lines in p2p package

* Ignore gocritic warning

* Fix long lines in privval package

* Fix long lines in rpc package

* Fix long lines in scripts package

* Fix long lines in state package

* Fix long lines in tools package

* Fix long lines in types package

* Enable lll linter

* Pin range scope vars

* Don't disable scopelint

This PR repairs linter errors seen when running the following commands:
golangci-lint run --no-config --disable-all=true --enable=scopelint

Contributes to #3262

* more minor cleanup of libs

Remove unused `version.go`, `assert.go` and `libs/circle.yml`

* Update types/vote_set_test.go

Co-Authored-By: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* spelling change

- sign bytes are length prefixed
 - change test to use SignBytes methods instead of calling amino methods
 directly

Resolves #3311
ref: #2455 #2508

* types: memoize height/round in commit instead of first vote

* types: commit.ValidateBasic in VerifyCommit

* types: new CommitSig alias for Vote

In preparation for reducing the redundancy in Commits, we introduce the
CommitSig as an alias for Vote. This is non-breaking on the protocol,
and minor breaking on the Go API, as Commit now contains a list of
CommitSig instead of Vote.

* remove dependence on ToVote

* update some comments

* fix tests

* fix tests

* fixes from review

* Consistent order fields of Timestamp/BlockID fields in CanonicalVote and
CanonicalProposal

* update spec too

* Introduce and use IsZero & IsComplete:
 - update IsZero method according to spec and introduce IsComplete
 - use methods in validate basic to validate: proposals come with a
 "complete" blockId and votes are either complete or empty
 - update spec: BlockID.IsNil() -> BlockID.IsZero() and fix typo

* BlockID comes first

* fix tests

Fixes #2740

* tmhash is fully 32 bytes. closes #1990

* AddressSize

* fix tests

* fix max sizes

* reorder fields

* add TestVoteString & update tests

* remove redundant info from Proposal.String()

* update spec

* revert changes on vote.String() -> more human friendly

* catch up with amino changes in
https://github.com/tendermint/go-amino/pull/222

* WIP: update to amino v0.13.0

* update to fixed amino release

* types: test tm2pm on fully populated header

* upgrade for amino v0.13.0-rc0

* fix lint

* comment out final test

* types: first field in Canonical structs is Type

* fix spec

* WIP: switching to fixed offsets for SignBytes

* add version field to sign bytes and update order

* more comments on test-cases and add a tc with a chainID

* remove amino:"write_empty" tag

- it doesn't affect if default fixed size fields ((u)int64) are
written or not
- add comment about int->int64 casting

* update CHANGELOG_PENDING

* update documentation

* add back link to issue #1622 in documentation

* remove JSON tags and add (failing test-case)

* fix failing test

* update test-vectors due to added `Type` field

* change Type field from string to byte and add new type alias

- SignedMsgType replaces VoteTypePrevote, VoteTypePrecommit and adds new
ProposalType to separate votes from proposal when signed

- update test-vectors

* fix remains from rebasing

* use SignMessageType instead of byte everywhere

* fixes from review

* switch to amino for SignBytes and add Reply with error message

- currently only Vote is done

* switch Reply type in socket for other messages

 - add error description on error

* add TODOs regarding error handling

* address comments from peer review session (thx @xla)

 - contains all changes besides the test-coverage / error'ing branches

* increase test coverage:

 - add tests for each newly introduced error'ing code path

* return error if received wrong response

* add test for wrong response branches (ErrUnexpectedResponse)

* update CHANGELOG_PENDING and related documentation (spec)

* fix typo: s/CanonicallockID/CanonicalBlockID

* fixes from review

* follow up to removing some consensus params Refs #2382
* change args type to int64 in state#makeParams
* make valsCount and evidenceCount ints again
* MaxEvidenceBytesPerBlock: include magic number in godoc
* [spec] creating a proposal
* test state#TxFilter
* panic if MaxDataBytes is less than 0
* fixes after review
* use amino#UvarintSize to calculate overhead
0c74291f3b/encoder.go (L85-L90)
* avoid cyclic imports
* you can do better Go, come on
* remove testdouble package

* ReapMaxTxs: return all txs if max is negative

this mirrors ReapMaxBytes behavior

See https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2184#discussion_r214439950

* increase MaxAminoOverheadForBlock

tested with:

```
func TestMaxAminoOverheadForBlock(t *testing.T) {

        maxChainID := ""
        for i := 0; i < MaxChainIDLen; i++ {
                maxChainID += "𠜎"
        }

        h := Header{
                ChainID:            maxChainID,
                Height:             10,
                Time:               time.Now().UTC(),
                NumTxs:             100,
                TotalTxs:           200,
                LastBlockID:        makeBlockID(make([]byte, 20), 300, make([]byte, 20)),
                LastCommitHash:     tmhash.Sum([]byte("last_commit_hash")),
                DataHash:           tmhash.Sum([]byte("data_hash")),
                ValidatorsHash:     tmhash.Sum([]byte("validators_hash")),
                NextValidatorsHash: tmhash.Sum([]byte("next_validators_hash")),
                ConsensusHash:      tmhash.Sum([]byte("consensus_hash")),
                AppHash:            tmhash.Sum([]byte("app_hash")),
                LastResultsHash:    tmhash.Sum([]byte("last_results_hash")),
                EvidenceHash:       tmhash.Sum([]byte("evidence_hash")),
                ProposerAddress:    tmhash.Sum([]byte("proposer_address")),
        }
        b := Block{
                Header:     h,
                Data:       Data{Txs: makeTxs(10000, 100)},
                Evidence:   EvidenceData{},
                LastCommit: &Commit{},
        }

        bz, err := cdc.MarshalBinary(b)
        require.NoError(t, err)

        assert.Equal(t, MaxHeaderBytes+MaxAminoOverheadForBlock-2, len(bz)-1000000-20000-1)
}
```

* fix MaxYYY constants calculation

by using math.MaxInt64

See https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2184#discussion_r214444244

* pass mempool filter as an option

See https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2184#discussion_r214445869

* fixes after Dev's comments

See ADR 020: Limiting txs size inside a block docs/architecture/adr-020-block-size.md

Refs #2035

Currently the top level directory contains basically all of the code
for the crypto package. This PR moves the crypto code into submodules
in a similar manner to what `golang/x/crypto` does. This improves code
organization.

Ref discussion: https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/1966

Closes #1956

This reverts commit 58d0c8de89.

remove test for String (very brittle)

This reverts commit d02c5d1e30.

This reverts commit 96a3502

exampleVote doesn't express the type of the vote.