* Fix termination issues and improve tests

* Improve formatting and tests based on reviewer feedback

* require block.Time of the fist block to be genesis time

Refs #2587:

```
We only start validating block.Time when Height > 1, because there is no
commit to compute the median timestamp from for the first block. This
means a faulty proposer could make the first block with whatever time
they want.

Instead, we should require the timestamp of block 1 to match the genesis
time.

I discovered this while refactoring the ValidateBlock tests to be
table-driven while working on tests for #2560.
```

* do not accept blocks with negative height

* update changelog and spec

* nanos precision for test genesis time

* Fix failing test (#2607)

* Pass nil to NewValidatorSet() when genesis file's Validators field is nil

Closes: #2616

* Update CHANGELOG_PENDING.md

* privval: set deadline in readMsg

* fixes from review

This is just to match the style of the rest of the codebase, and to
reduce the number of files in types.

* ed25519: use golang/x/crypto fork

* changelog

* gix GenerateFromPassword

* fixes from review

Refs https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2506#issuecomment-428458974

* crypto/merkle: Remove byter in favor of plain byte slices

This PR is fully backwards compatible in terms of function output!
(The Go API differs though) The only test case changes was to refactor
it to be table driven.

* Update godocs per review comments

* Add additional metrics
Continues addressing https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/issues/2169.
* Add nop metrics to fix NPE
* Tweak buckets, code review
* Update buckets
* Update docs with new metrics
* Code review updates

* cap evidence in block validation

* state: use table-driven test for ValidateBlockHeader

* state: test evidence cap

* fixes from review

Closes #2575

bump alpine version to 3.8

This is intended for use in a future PR for #2414

Fixes #2577

Fixes #2573

Closes #2525

* [libs/events] add more godoc comments
* [libs/events] refactor code
- improve var naming
- improve code structure
- do not use defers for unlocking mutexes (defer takes time)

* fix event concurrency flaw
* modify changelog
* fix a mistake
* fix a lint issue
* modify changelog
* modify for review issue
* modify for review issue
* modify for review issue

* Switch nodeID to be tmhash.Size, add test names for net addr tests
Both of these came up when locally trying to change tmhash size.
* fix error introduced by merge

Ref #2099

* specify time unit for FlushThrottleTimeout in TestP2PConfig
Refs #2555
* [tm-bench] refactor code
https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2405#pullrequestreview-157166387

fix #2071

Signed-off-by: phymbert <pierrick.hymbert@gmail.com>

* abci: codespace

* changelog

* types: Remove pubkey from validator hash

* undo lock file change

* Update Spec

* Fix random distribution in bitArray.PickRandom

Previously it was very biased. 63 "_" followed by a single "x" had
much greater odds of being chosen. Additionally, the last element was
skewed. This fixes that by first preproccessing the set of all true
indices, and then randomly selecting a single element from there.

This commit also makes the code here significantly simpler, and
improves test cases.

* unlock mtx right after we select true indices

* first draft for ADR summarizing discussion from:
https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/issues/1622

* fix link and add comment about pub-key per message and fix link

* fix link and add comment about pub-key per message; also:
 - fix link
 - add little diagram
 - fix typo

* Add a slightly different approach

* typo and ADR number

Bucky/adr 029

There's a time window after we call RotateFile() where autofile#index+1
does not exist. It will be created during the next call to Write(). BUT
if somebody calls NewReader() before Write(), it will fail with "open
  /tmp/wal#index+1/wal: no such file or directory"

We must create file (either by calling gr.Head.openFile() or directly)
during NewReader() to ensure read calls succeed.

Closes #2538

* docs: fix links

* docs: add readme from each section to the sidebar

* Disable transitioning to new round upon 2/3+ of Precommit nils

Pull in ensureVote test function from https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/2132

* Add several ensureX test methods to wrap channel read with timeout

* Revert panic in tests

also, fix potential bug in Or function

Also make reversing a slice more efficient