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package state
import (
"bytes"
"errors"
"fmt"
"time"
"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/account"
"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/binary"
blk "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/block"
. "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/common"
dbm "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/db"
"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/merkle"
)
var (
stateKey = []byte("stateKey")
minBondAmount = uint64(1) // TODO adjust
defaultAccountsCacheCapacity = 1000 // TODO adjust
unbondingPeriodBlocks = uint(60 * 24 * 365) // TODO probably better to make it time based.
validatorTimeoutBlocks = uint(10) // TODO adjust
)
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
type InvalidTxError struct {
Tx blk.Tx
Reason error
}
func (txErr InvalidTxError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("Invalid tx: [%v] reason: [%v]", txErr.Tx, txErr.Reason)
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// NOTE: not goroutine-safe.
type State struct {
DB dbm.DB
LastBlockHeight uint
LastBlockHash []byte
LastBlockParts blk.PartSetHeader
LastBlockTime time.Time
BondedValidators *ValidatorSet
LastBondedValidators *ValidatorSet
UnbondingValidators *ValidatorSet
accounts merkle.Tree // Shouldn't be accessed directly.
validatorInfos merkle.Tree // Shouldn't be accessed directly.
}
func LoadState(db dbm.DB) *State {
s := &State{DB: db}
buf := db.Get(stateKey)
if len(buf) == 0 {
return nil
} else {
r, n, err := bytes.NewReader(buf), new(int64), new(error)
s.LastBlockHeight = binary.ReadUvarint(r, n, err)
s.LastBlockHash = binary.ReadByteSlice(r, n, err)
s.LastBlockParts = binary.ReadBinary(blk.PartSetHeader{}, r, n, err).(blk.PartSetHeader)
s.LastBlockTime = binary.ReadTime(r, n, err)
s.BondedValidators = binary.ReadBinary(&ValidatorSet{}, r, n, err).(*ValidatorSet)
s.LastBondedValidators = binary.ReadBinary(&ValidatorSet{}, r, n, err).(*ValidatorSet)
s.UnbondingValidators = binary.ReadBinary(&ValidatorSet{}, r, n, err).(*ValidatorSet)
accountsHash := binary.ReadByteSlice(r, n, err)
s.accounts = merkle.NewIAVLTree(binary.BasicCodec, account.AccountCodec, defaultAccountsCacheCapacity, db)
s.accounts.Load(accountsHash)
validatorInfosHash := binary.ReadByteSlice(r, n, err)
s.validatorInfos = merkle.NewIAVLTree(binary.BasicCodec, ValidatorInfoCodec, 0, db)
s.validatorInfos.Load(validatorInfosHash)
if *err != nil {
panic(*err)
}
// TODO: ensure that buf is completely read.
}
return s
}
// Save this state into the db.
func (s *State) Save() {
s.accounts.Save()
s.validatorInfos.Save()
buf, n, err := new(bytes.Buffer), new(int64), new(error)
binary.WriteUvarint(s.LastBlockHeight, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteByteSlice(s.LastBlockHash, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteBinary(s.LastBlockParts, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteTime(s.LastBlockTime, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteBinary(s.BondedValidators, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteBinary(s.LastBondedValidators, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteBinary(s.UnbondingValidators, buf, n, err)
binary.WriteByteSlice(s.accounts.Hash(), buf, n, err)
binary.WriteByteSlice(s.validatorInfos.Hash(), buf, n, err)
if *err != nil {
panic(*err)
}
s.DB.Set(stateKey, buf.Bytes())
}
func (s *State) Copy() *State {
return &State{
DB: s.DB,
LastBlockHeight: s.LastBlockHeight,
LastBlockHash: s.LastBlockHash,
LastBlockParts: s.LastBlockParts,
LastBlockTime: s.LastBlockTime,
BondedValidators: s.BondedValidators.Copy(),
LastBondedValidators: s.LastBondedValidators.Copy(),
UnbondingValidators: s.UnbondingValidators.Copy(),
accounts: s.accounts.Copy(),
validatorInfos: s.validatorInfos.Copy(),
}
}
// The accounts from the TxInputs must either already have
// account.PubKey.(type) != PubKeyNil, (it must be known),
// or it must be specified in the TxInput. If redeclared,
// the TxInput is modified and input.PubKey set to PubKeyNil.
func (s *State) GetOrMakeAccounts(ins []*blk.TxInput, outs []*blk.TxOutput) (map[string]*account.Account, error) {
accounts := map[string]*account.Account{}
for _, in := range ins {
// Account shouldn't be duplicated
if _, ok := accounts[string(in.Address)]; ok {
return nil, blk.ErrTxDuplicateAddress
}
acc := s.GetAccount(in.Address)
if acc == nil {
return nil, blk.ErrTxInvalidAddress
}
// PubKey should be present in either "account" or "in"
if _, isNil := acc.PubKey.(account.PubKeyNil); isNil {
if _, isNil := in.PubKey.(account.PubKeyNil); isNil {
return nil, blk.ErrTxUnknownPubKey
}
if !bytes.Equal(in.PubKey.Address(), acc.Address) {
return nil, blk.ErrTxInvalidPubKey
}
acc.PubKey = in.PubKey
} else {
in.PubKey = account.PubKeyNil{}
}
accounts[string(in.Address)] = acc
}
for _, out := range outs {
// Account shouldn't be duplicated
if _, ok := accounts[string(out.Address)]; ok {
return nil, blk.ErrTxDuplicateAddress
}
acc := s.GetAccount(out.Address)
// output account may be nil (new)
if acc == nil {
acc = &account.Account{
Address: out.Address,
PubKey: account.PubKeyNil{},
Sequence: 0,
Balance: 0,
}
}
accounts[string(out.Address)] = acc
}
return accounts, nil
}
func (s *State) ValidateInputs(accounts map[string]*account.Account, signBytes []byte, ins []*blk.TxInput) (total uint64, err error) {
for _, in := range ins {
acc := accounts[string(in.Address)]
if acc == nil {
panic("ValidateInputs() expects account in accounts")
}
// Check TxInput basic
if err := in.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
// Check signatures
if !acc.PubKey.VerifyBytes(signBytes, in.Signature) {
return 0, blk.ErrTxInvalidSignature
}
// Check sequences
if acc.Sequence+1 != in.Sequence {
return 0, blk.ErrTxInvalidSequence
}
// Check amount
if acc.Balance < in.Amount {
return 0, blk.ErrTxInsufficientFunds
}
// Good. Add amount to total
total += in.Amount
}
return total, nil
}
func (s *State) ValidateOutputs(outs []*blk.TxOutput) (total uint64, err error) {
for _, out := range outs {
// Check TxOutput basic
if err := out.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
// Good. Add amount to total
total += out.Amount
}
return total, nil
}
func (s *State) AdjustByInputs(accounts map[string]*account.Account, ins []*blk.TxInput) {
for _, in := range ins {
acc := accounts[string(in.Address)]
if acc == nil {
panic("AdjustByInputs() expects account in accounts")
}
if acc.Balance < in.Amount {
panic("AdjustByInputs() expects sufficient funds")
}
acc.Balance -= in.Amount
acc.Sequence += 1
}
}
func (s *State) AdjustByOutputs(accounts map[string]*account.Account, outs []*blk.TxOutput) {
for _, out := range outs {
acc := accounts[string(out.Address)]
if acc == nil {
panic("AdjustByOutputs() expects account in accounts")
}
acc.Balance += out.Amount
}
}
// If the tx is invalid, an error will be returned.
// Unlike AppendBlock(), state will not be altered.
func (s *State) ExecTx(tx_ blk.Tx) error {
// TODO: do something with fees
fees := uint64(0)
// Exec tx
switch tx_.(type) {
case *blk.SendTx:
tx := tx_.(*blk.SendTx)
accounts, err := s.GetOrMakeAccounts(tx.Inputs, tx.Outputs)
if err != nil {
return err
}
signBytes := account.SignBytes(tx)
inTotal, err := s.ValidateInputs(accounts, signBytes, tx.Inputs)
if err != nil {
return err
}
outTotal, err := s.ValidateOutputs(tx.Outputs)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if outTotal > inTotal {
return blk.ErrTxInsufficientFunds
}
fee := inTotal - outTotal
fees += fee
// Good! Adjust accounts
s.AdjustByInputs(accounts, tx.Inputs)
s.AdjustByOutputs(accounts, tx.Outputs)
s.UpdateAccounts(accounts)
return nil
case *blk.BondTx:
tx := tx_.(*blk.BondTx)
valInfo := s.GetValidatorInfo(tx.PubKey.Address())
if valInfo != nil {
// TODO: In the future, check that the validator wasn't destroyed,
// add funds, merge UnbondTo outputs, and unbond validator.
return errors.New("Adding coins to existing validators not yet supported")
}
accounts, err := s.GetOrMakeAccounts(tx.Inputs, nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
signBytes := account.SignBytes(tx)
inTotal, err := s.ValidateInputs(accounts, signBytes, tx.Inputs)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := tx.PubKey.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
return err
}
outTotal, err := s.ValidateOutputs(tx.UnbondTo)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if outTotal > inTotal {
return blk.ErrTxInsufficientFunds
}
fee := inTotal - outTotal
fees += fee
// Good! Adjust accounts
s.AdjustByInputs(accounts, tx.Inputs)
s.UpdateAccounts(accounts)
// Add ValidatorInfo
s.SetValidatorInfo(&ValidatorInfo{
Address: tx.PubKey.Address(),
PubKey: tx.PubKey,
UnbondTo: tx.UnbondTo,
FirstBondHeight: s.LastBlockHeight + 1,
FirstBondAmount: outTotal,
})
// Add Validator
added := s.BondedValidators.Add(&Validator{
Address: tx.PubKey.Address(),
PubKey: tx.PubKey,
BondHeight: s.LastBlockHeight + 1,
VotingPower: outTotal,
Accum: 0,
})
if !added {
panic("Failed to add validator")
}
return nil
case *blk.UnbondTx:
tx := tx_.(*blk.UnbondTx)
// The validator must be active
_, val := s.BondedValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address)
if val == nil {
return blk.ErrTxInvalidAddress
}
// Verify the signature
signBytes := account.SignBytes(tx)
if !val.PubKey.VerifyBytes(signBytes, tx.Signature) {
return blk.ErrTxInvalidSignature
}
// tx.Height must be greater than val.LastCommitHeight
if tx.Height <= val.LastCommitHeight {
return errors.New("Invalid unbond height")
}
// Good!
s.unbondValidator(val)
return nil
case *blk.RebondTx:
tx := tx_.(*blk.RebondTx)
// The validator must be inactive
_, val := s.UnbondingValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address)
if val == nil {
return blk.ErrTxInvalidAddress
}
// Verify the signature
signBytes := account.SignBytes(tx)
if !val.PubKey.VerifyBytes(signBytes, tx.Signature) {
return blk.ErrTxInvalidSignature
}
// tx.Height must be equal to the next height
if tx.Height != s.LastBlockHeight+1 {
return errors.New(Fmt("Invalid rebond height. Expected %v, got %v", s.LastBlockHeight+1, tx.Height))
}
// Good!
s.rebondValidator(val)
return nil
case *blk.DupeoutTx:
tx := tx_.(*blk.DupeoutTx)
// Verify the signatures
_, accused := s.BondedValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address)
if accused == nil {
_, accused = s.UnbondingValidators.GetByAddress(tx.Address)
if accused == nil {
return blk.ErrTxInvalidAddress
}
}
voteASignBytes := account.SignBytes(&tx.VoteA)
voteBSignBytes := account.SignBytes(&tx.VoteB)
if !accused.PubKey.VerifyBytes(voteASignBytes, tx.VoteA.Signature) ||
!accused.PubKey.VerifyBytes(voteBSignBytes, tx.VoteB.Signature) {
return blk.ErrTxInvalidSignature
}
// Verify equivocation
// TODO: in the future, just require one vote from a previous height that
// doesn't exist on this chain.
if tx.VoteA.Height != tx.VoteB.Height {
return errors.New("DupeoutTx heights don't match")
}
if tx.VoteA.Type == blk.VoteTypeCommit && tx.VoteA.Round < tx.VoteB.Round {
// Check special case.
// Validators should not sign another vote after committing.
} else {
if tx.VoteA.Round != tx.VoteB.Round {
return errors.New("DupeoutTx rounds don't match")
}
if tx.VoteA.Type != tx.VoteB.Type {
return errors.New("DupeoutTx types don't match")
}
if bytes.Equal(tx.VoteA.BlockHash, tx.VoteB.BlockHash) {
return errors.New("DupeoutTx blockhashes shouldn't match")
}
}
// Good! (Bad validator!)
s.destroyValidator(accused)
return nil
default:
panic("Unknown Tx type")
}
}
func (s *State) unbondValidator(val *Validator) {
// Move validator to UnbondingValidators
val, removed := s.BondedValidators.Remove(val.Address)
if !removed {
panic("Couldn't remove validator for unbonding")
}
val.UnbondHeight = s.LastBlockHeight + 1
added := s.UnbondingValidators.Add(val)
if !added {
panic("Couldn't add validator for unbonding")
}
}
func (s *State) rebondValidator(val *Validator) {
// Move validator to BondingValidators
val, removed := s.UnbondingValidators.Remove(val.Address)
if !removed {
panic("Couldn't remove validator for rebonding")
}
val.BondHeight = s.LastBlockHeight + 1
added := s.BondedValidators.Add(val)
if !added {
panic("Couldn't add validator for rebonding")
}
}
func (s *State) releaseValidator(val *Validator) {
// Update validatorInfo
valInfo := s.GetValidatorInfo(val.Address)
if valInfo == nil {
panic("Couldn't find validatorInfo for release")
}
valInfo.ReleasedHeight = s.LastBlockHeight + 1
s.SetValidatorInfo(valInfo)
// Send coins back to UnbondTo outputs
accounts, err := s.GetOrMakeAccounts(nil, valInfo.UnbondTo)
if err != nil {
panic("Couldn't get or make unbondTo accounts")
}
s.AdjustByOutputs(accounts, valInfo.UnbondTo)
s.UpdateAccounts(accounts)
// Remove validator from UnbondingValidators
_, removed := s.UnbondingValidators.Remove(val.Address)
if !removed {
panic("Couldn't remove validator for release")
}
}
func (s *State) destroyValidator(val *Validator) {
// Update validatorInfo
valInfo := s.GetValidatorInfo(val.Address)
if valInfo == nil {
panic("Couldn't find validatorInfo for release")
}
valInfo.DestroyedHeight = s.LastBlockHeight + 1
valInfo.DestroyedAmount = val.VotingPower
s.SetValidatorInfo(valInfo)
// Remove validator
_, removed := s.BondedValidators.Remove(val.Address)
if !removed {
_, removed := s.UnbondingValidators.Remove(val.Address)
if !removed {
panic("Couldn't remove validator for destruction")
}
}
}
// NOTE: If an error occurs during block execution, state will be left
// at an invalid state. Copy the state before calling AppendBlock!
func (s *State) AppendBlock(block *blk.Block, blockPartsHeader blk.PartSetHeader) error {
err := s.appendBlock(block, blockPartsHeader)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// State.Hash should match block.StateHash
stateHash := s.Hash()
if !bytes.Equal(stateHash, block.StateHash) {
return Errorf("Invalid state hash. Expected %X, got %X",
stateHash, block.StateHash)
}
return nil
}
func (s *State) SetBlockStateHash(block *blk.Block) error {
sCopy := s.Copy()
err := sCopy.appendBlock(block, blk.PartSetHeader{})
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Set block.StateHash
block.StateHash = sCopy.Hash()
return nil
}
// Appends the block, does not check block.StateHash
// NOTE: If an error occurs during block execution, state will be left
// at an invalid state. Copy the state before calling appendBlock!
func (s *State) appendBlock(block *blk.Block, blockPartsHeader blk.PartSetHeader) error {
// Basic block validation.
err := block.ValidateBasic(s.LastBlockHeight, s.LastBlockHash, s.LastBlockParts, s.LastBlockTime)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Validate block Validation.
if block.Height == 1 {
if len(block.Validation.Commits) != 0 {
return errors.New("Block at height 1 (first block) should have no Validation commits")
}
} else {
if uint(len(block.Validation.Commits)) != s.LastBondedValidators.Size() {
return errors.New(Fmt("Invalid block validation size. Expected %v, got %v",
s.LastBondedValidators.Size(), len(block.Validation.Commits)))
}
var sumVotingPower uint64
s.LastBondedValidators.Iterate(func(index uint, val *Validator) bool {
commit := block.Validation.Commits[index]
if commit.IsZero() {
return false
} else {
vote := &blk.Vote{
Height: block.Height - 1,
Round: commit.Round,
Type: blk.VoteTypeCommit,
BlockHash: block.LastBlockHash,
BlockParts: block.LastBlockParts,
}
if val.PubKey.VerifyBytes(account.SignBytes(vote), commit.Signature) {
sumVotingPower += val.VotingPower
return false
} else {
log.Warn(Fmt("Invalid validation signature.\nval: %v\nvote: %v", val, vote))
err = errors.New("Invalid validation signature")
return true
}
}
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
if sumVotingPower <= s.LastBondedValidators.TotalVotingPower()*2/3 {
return errors.New("Insufficient validation voting power")
}
}
// Update Validator.LastCommitHeight as necessary.
for i, commit := range block.Validation.Commits {
if commit.IsZero() {
continue
}
_, val := s.LastBondedValidators.GetByIndex(uint(i))
if val == nil {
panic(Fmt("Failed to fetch validator at index %v", i))
}
if _, val_ := s.BondedValidators.GetByAddress(val.Address); val_ != nil {
val_.LastCommitHeight = block.Height - 1
updated := s.BondedValidators.Update(val_)
if !updated {
panic("Failed to update bonded validator LastCommitHeight")
}
} else if _, val_ := s.UnbondingValidators.GetByAddress(val.Address); val_ != nil {
val_.LastCommitHeight = block.Height - 1
updated := s.UnbondingValidators.Update(val_)
if !updated {
panic("Failed to update unbonding validator LastCommitHeight")
}
} else {
panic("Could not find validator")
}
}
// Remember LastBondedValidators
s.LastBondedValidators = s.BondedValidators.Copy()
// Commit each tx
for _, tx := range block.Data.Txs {
err := s.ExecTx(tx)
if err != nil {
return InvalidTxError{tx, err}
}
}
// If any unbonding periods are over,
// reward account with bonded coins.
toRelease := []*Validator{}
s.UnbondingValidators.Iterate(func(index uint, val *Validator) bool {
if val.UnbondHeight+unbondingPeriodBlocks < block.Height {
toRelease = append(toRelease, val)
}
return false
})
for _, val := range toRelease {
s.releaseValidator(val)
}
// If any validators haven't signed in a while,
// unbond them, they have timed out.
toTimeout := []*Validator{}
s.BondedValidators.Iterate(func(index uint, val *Validator) bool {
lastActivityHeight := MaxUint(val.BondHeight, val.LastCommitHeight)
if lastActivityHeight+validatorTimeoutBlocks < block.Height {
log.Info("Validator timeout", "validator", val, "height", block.Height)
toTimeout = append(toTimeout, val)
}
return false
})
for _, val := range toTimeout {
s.unbondValidator(val)
}
// Increment validator AccumPowers
s.BondedValidators.IncrementAccum(1)
s.LastBlockHeight = block.Height
s.LastBlockHash = block.Hash()
s.LastBlockParts = blockPartsHeader
s.LastBlockTime = block.Time
return nil
}
// The returned Account is a copy, so mutating it
// has no side effects.
func (s *State) GetAccount(address []byte) *account.Account {
_, acc := s.accounts.Get(address)
if acc == nil {
return nil
}
return acc.(*account.Account).Copy()
}
// The returned Account is a copy, so mutating it
// has no side effects.
func (s *State) GetAccounts() merkle.Tree {
return s.accounts.Copy()
}
// The account is copied before setting, so mutating it
// afterwards has no side effects.
func (s *State) UpdateAccount(account *account.Account) {
s.accounts.Set(account.Address, account.Copy())
}
// The accounts are copied before setting, so mutating it
// afterwards has no side effects.
func (s *State) UpdateAccounts(accounts map[string]*account.Account) {
for _, acc := range accounts {
s.accounts.Set(acc.Address, acc.Copy())
}
}
// The returned ValidatorInfo is a copy, so mutating it
// has no side effects.
func (s *State) GetValidatorInfo(address []byte) *ValidatorInfo {
_, valInfo := s.validatorInfos.Get(address)
if valInfo == nil {
return nil
}
return valInfo.(*ValidatorInfo).Copy()
}
// Returns false if new, true if updated.
// The valInfo is copied before setting, so mutating it
// afterwards has no side effects.
func (s *State) SetValidatorInfo(valInfo *ValidatorInfo) (updated bool) {
return s.validatorInfos.Set(valInfo.Address, valInfo.Copy())
}
// Returns a hash that represents the state data,
// excluding Last*
func (s *State) Hash() []byte {
hashables := []merkle.Hashable{
s.BondedValidators,
s.UnbondingValidators,
s.accounts,
s.validatorInfos,
}
return merkle.HashFromHashables(hashables)
}