You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
 
 
 
 
 
 

551 lines
15 KiB

package pex
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"reflect"
"sort"
"time"
"github.com/pkg/errors"
wire "github.com/tendermint/go-wire"
cmn "github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common"
"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p"
"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/conn"
)
type Peer = p2p.Peer
const (
// PexChannel is a channel for PEX messages
PexChannel = byte(0x00)
maxPexMessageSize = 1048576 // 1MB
// ensure we have enough peers
defaultEnsurePeersPeriod = 30 * time.Second
defaultMinNumOutboundPeers = 10
// Seed/Crawler constants
// TODO:
// We want seeds to only advertise good peers.
// Peers are marked by external mechanisms.
// We need a config value that can be set to be
// on the order of how long it would take before a good
// peer is marked good.
defaultSeedDisconnectWaitPeriod = 2 * time.Minute // disconnect after this
defaultCrawlPeerInterval = 2 * time.Minute // dont redial for this. TODO: back-off
defaultCrawlPeersPeriod = 30 * time.Second // check some peers every this
)
// PEXReactor handles PEX (peer exchange) and ensures that an
// adequate number of peers are connected to the switch.
//
// It uses `AddrBook` (address book) to store `NetAddress`es of the peers.
//
// ## Preventing abuse
//
// Only accept pexAddrsMsg from peers we sent a corresponding pexRequestMsg too.
// Only accept one pexRequestMsg every ~defaultEnsurePeersPeriod.
type PEXReactor struct {
p2p.BaseReactor
book AddrBook
config *PEXReactorConfig
ensurePeersPeriod time.Duration
// maps to prevent abuse
requestsSent *cmn.CMap // ID->struct{}: unanswered send requests
lastReceivedRequests *cmn.CMap // ID->time.Time: last time peer requested from us
}
// PEXReactorConfig holds reactor specific configuration data.
type PEXReactorConfig struct {
// Seed/Crawler mode
SeedMode bool
// Seeds is a list of addresses reactor may use
// if it can't connect to peers in the addrbook.
Seeds []string
}
// NewPEXReactor creates new PEX reactor.
func NewPEXReactor(b AddrBook, config *PEXReactorConfig) *PEXReactor {
r := &PEXReactor{
book: b,
config: config,
ensurePeersPeriod: defaultEnsurePeersPeriod,
requestsSent: cmn.NewCMap(),
lastReceivedRequests: cmn.NewCMap(),
}
r.BaseReactor = *p2p.NewBaseReactor("PEXReactor", r)
return r
}
// OnStart implements BaseService
func (r *PEXReactor) OnStart() error {
if err := r.BaseReactor.OnStart(); err != nil {
return err
}
err := r.book.Start()
if err != nil && err != cmn.ErrAlreadyStarted {
return err
}
// return err if user provided a bad seed address
if err := r.checkSeeds(); err != nil {
return err
}
// Check if this node should run
// in seed/crawler mode
if r.config.SeedMode {
go r.crawlPeersRoutine()
} else {
go r.ensurePeersRoutine()
}
return nil
}
// OnStop implements BaseService
func (r *PEXReactor) OnStop() {
r.BaseReactor.OnStop()
r.book.Stop()
}
// GetChannels implements Reactor
func (r *PEXReactor) GetChannels() []*conn.ChannelDescriptor {
return []*conn.ChannelDescriptor{
{
ID: PexChannel,
Priority: 1,
SendQueueCapacity: 10,
},
}
}
// AddPeer implements Reactor by adding peer to the address book (if inbound)
// or by requesting more addresses (if outbound).
func (r *PEXReactor) AddPeer(p Peer) {
if p.IsOutbound() {
// For outbound peers, the address is already in the books -
// either via DialPeersAsync or r.Receive.
// Ask it for more peers if we need.
if r.book.NeedMoreAddrs() {
r.RequestAddrs(p)
}
} else {
// For inbound peers, the peer is its own source,
// and its NodeInfo has already been validated.
// Let the ensurePeersRoutine handle asking for more
// peers when we need - we don't trust inbound peers as much.
addr := p.NodeInfo().NetAddress()
r.book.AddAddress(addr, addr)
}
}
// RemovePeer implements Reactor.
func (r *PEXReactor) RemovePeer(p Peer, reason interface{}) {
id := string(p.ID())
r.requestsSent.Delete(id)
r.lastReceivedRequests.Delete(id)
}
// Receive implements Reactor by handling incoming PEX messages.
func (r *PEXReactor) Receive(chID byte, src Peer, msgBytes []byte) {
_, msg, err := DecodeMessage(msgBytes)
if err != nil {
r.Logger.Error("Error decoding message", "err", err)
return
}
r.Logger.Debug("Received message", "src", src, "chId", chID, "msg", msg)
switch msg := msg.(type) {
case *pexRequestMessage:
// Check we're not receiving too many requests
if err := r.receiveRequest(src); err != nil {
r.Switch.StopPeerForError(src, err)
return
}
// Seeds disconnect after sending a batch of addrs
if r.config.SeedMode {
// TODO: should we be more selective ?
r.SendAddrs(src, r.book.GetSelection())
r.Switch.StopPeerGracefully(src)
} else {
r.SendAddrs(src, r.book.GetSelection())
}
case *pexAddrsMessage:
// If we asked for addresses, add them to the book
if err := r.ReceiveAddrs(msg.Addrs, src); err != nil {
r.Switch.StopPeerForError(src, err)
return
}
default:
r.Logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown message type %v", reflect.TypeOf(msg)))
}
}
func (r *PEXReactor) receiveRequest(src Peer) error {
id := string(src.ID())
v := r.lastReceivedRequests.Get(id)
if v == nil {
// initialize with empty time
lastReceived := time.Time{}
r.lastReceivedRequests.Set(id, lastReceived)
return nil
}
lastReceived := v.(time.Time)
if lastReceived.Equal(time.Time{}) {
// first time gets a free pass. then we start tracking the time
lastReceived = time.Now()
r.lastReceivedRequests.Set(id, lastReceived)
return nil
}
now := time.Now()
if now.Sub(lastReceived) < r.ensurePeersPeriod/3 {
return fmt.Errorf("Peer (%v) is sending too many PEX requests. Disconnecting", src.ID())
}
r.lastReceivedRequests.Set(id, now)
return nil
}
// RequestAddrs asks peer for more addresses if we do not already
// have a request out for this peer.
func (r *PEXReactor) RequestAddrs(p Peer) {
id := string(p.ID())
if r.requestsSent.Has(id) {
return
}
r.requestsSent.Set(id, struct{}{})
p.Send(PexChannel, struct{ PexMessage }{&pexRequestMessage{}})
}
// ReceiveAddrs adds the given addrs to the addrbook if theres an open
// request for this peer and deletes the open request.
// If there's no open request for the src peer, it returns an error.
func (r *PEXReactor) ReceiveAddrs(addrs []*p2p.NetAddress, src Peer) error {
id := string(src.ID())
if !r.requestsSent.Has(id) {
return errors.New("Received unsolicited pexAddrsMessage")
}
r.requestsSent.Delete(id)
srcAddr := src.NodeInfo().NetAddress()
for _, netAddr := range addrs {
if netAddr != nil {
r.book.AddAddress(netAddr, srcAddr)
}
}
return nil
}
// SendAddrs sends addrs to the peer.
func (r *PEXReactor) SendAddrs(p Peer, netAddrs []*p2p.NetAddress) {
p.Send(PexChannel, struct{ PexMessage }{&pexAddrsMessage{Addrs: netAddrs}})
}
// SetEnsurePeersPeriod sets period to ensure peers connected.
func (r *PEXReactor) SetEnsurePeersPeriod(d time.Duration) {
r.ensurePeersPeriod = d
}
// Ensures that sufficient peers are connected. (continuous)
func (r *PEXReactor) ensurePeersRoutine() {
// Randomize when routine starts
ensurePeersPeriodMs := r.ensurePeersPeriod.Nanoseconds() / 1e6
time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(ensurePeersPeriodMs)) * time.Millisecond)
// fire once immediately.
// ensures we dial the seeds right away if the book is empty
r.ensurePeers()
// fire periodically
ticker := time.NewTicker(r.ensurePeersPeriod)
for {
select {
case <-ticker.C:
r.ensurePeers()
case <-r.Quit:
ticker.Stop()
return
}
}
}
// ensurePeers ensures that sufficient peers are connected. (once)
//
// heuristic that we haven't perfected yet, or, perhaps is manually edited by
// the node operator. It should not be used to compute what addresses are
// already connected or not.
func (r *PEXReactor) ensurePeers() {
numOutPeers, numInPeers, numDialing := r.Switch.NumPeers()
numToDial := defaultMinNumOutboundPeers - (numOutPeers + numDialing)
r.Logger.Info("Ensure peers", "numOutPeers", numOutPeers, "numDialing", numDialing, "numToDial", numToDial)
if numToDial <= 0 {
return
}
// bias to prefer more vetted peers when we have fewer connections.
// not perfect, but somewhate ensures that we prioritize connecting to more-vetted
// NOTE: range here is [10, 90]. Too high ?
newBias := cmn.MinInt(numOutPeers, 8)*10 + 10
toDial := make(map[p2p.ID]*p2p.NetAddress)
// Try maxAttempts times to pick numToDial addresses to dial
maxAttempts := numToDial * 3
for i := 0; i < maxAttempts && len(toDial) < numToDial; i++ {
try := r.book.PickAddress(newBias)
if try == nil {
continue
}
if _, selected := toDial[try.ID]; selected {
continue
}
if dialling := r.Switch.IsDialing(try.ID); dialling {
continue
}
if connected := r.Switch.Peers().Has(try.ID); connected {
continue
}
r.Logger.Info("Will dial address", "addr", try)
toDial[try.ID] = try
}
// Dial picked addresses
for _, item := range toDial {
go func(picked *p2p.NetAddress) {
_, err := r.Switch.DialPeerWithAddress(picked, false)
if err != nil {
// TODO: detect more "bad peer" scenarios
if _, ok := err.(p2p.ErrSwitchAuthenticationFailure); ok {
r.book.MarkBad(picked)
} else {
r.book.MarkAttempt(picked)
}
}
}(item)
}
// If we need more addresses, pick a random peer and ask for more.
if r.book.NeedMoreAddrs() {
peers := r.Switch.Peers().List()
peersCount := len(peers)
if peersCount > 0 {
peer := peers[rand.Int()%peersCount] // nolint: gas
r.Logger.Info("We need more addresses. Sending pexRequest to random peer", "peer", peer)
r.RequestAddrs(peer)
}
}
// If we are not connected to nor dialing anybody, fallback to dialing a seed.
if numOutPeers+numInPeers+numDialing+len(toDial) == 0 {
r.Logger.Info("No addresses to dial nor connected peers. Falling back to seeds")
r.dialSeeds()
}
}
// check seed addresses are well formed
func (r *PEXReactor) checkSeeds() error {
lSeeds := len(r.config.Seeds)
if lSeeds == 0 {
return nil
}
_, errs := p2p.NewNetAddressStrings(r.config.Seeds)
for _, err := range errs {
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
// randomly dial seeds until we connect to one or exhaust them
func (r *PEXReactor) dialSeeds() {
lSeeds := len(r.config.Seeds)
if lSeeds == 0 {
return
}
seedAddrs, _ := p2p.NewNetAddressStrings(r.config.Seeds)
perm := rand.Perm(lSeeds)
// perm := r.Switch.rng.Perm(lSeeds)
for _, i := range perm {
// dial a random seed
seedAddr := seedAddrs[i]
peer, err := r.Switch.DialPeerWithAddress(seedAddr, false)
if err != nil {
r.Switch.Logger.Error("Error dialing seed", "err", err, "seed", seedAddr)
} else {
r.Switch.Logger.Info("Connected to seed", "peer", peer)
return
}
}
r.Switch.Logger.Error("Couldn't connect to any seeds")
}
//----------------------------------------------------------
// Explores the network searching for more peers. (continuous)
// Seed/Crawler Mode causes this node to quickly disconnect
// from peers, except other seed nodes.
func (r *PEXReactor) crawlPeersRoutine() {
// Do an initial crawl
r.crawlPeers()
// Fire periodically
ticker := time.NewTicker(defaultCrawlPeersPeriod)
for {
select {
case <-ticker.C:
r.attemptDisconnects()
r.crawlPeers()
case <-r.Quit:
return
}
}
}
// crawlPeerInfo handles temporary data needed for the
// network crawling performed during seed/crawler mode.
type crawlPeerInfo struct {
// The listening address of a potential peer we learned about
Addr *p2p.NetAddress
// The last time we attempt to reach this address
LastAttempt time.Time
// The last time we successfully reached this address
LastSuccess time.Time
}
// oldestFirst implements sort.Interface for []crawlPeerInfo
// based on the LastAttempt field.
type oldestFirst []crawlPeerInfo
func (of oldestFirst) Len() int { return len(of) }
func (of oldestFirst) Swap(i, j int) { of[i], of[j] = of[j], of[i] }
func (of oldestFirst) Less(i, j int) bool { return of[i].LastAttempt.Before(of[j].LastAttempt) }
// getPeersToCrawl returns addresses of potential peers that we wish to validate.
// NOTE: The status information is ordered as described above.
func (r *PEXReactor) getPeersToCrawl() []crawlPeerInfo {
var of oldestFirst
// TODO: be more selective
addrs := r.book.ListOfKnownAddresses()
for _, addr := range addrs {
if len(addr.ID()) == 0 {
continue // dont use peers without id
}
of = append(of, crawlPeerInfo{
Addr: addr.Addr,
LastAttempt: addr.LastAttempt,
LastSuccess: addr.LastSuccess,
})
}
sort.Sort(of)
return of
}
// crawlPeers will crawl the network looking for new peer addresses. (once)
func (r *PEXReactor) crawlPeers() {
peerInfos := r.getPeersToCrawl()
now := time.Now()
// Use addresses we know of to reach additional peers
for _, pi := range peerInfos {
// Do not attempt to connect with peers we recently dialed
if now.Sub(pi.LastAttempt) < defaultCrawlPeerInterval {
continue
}
// Otherwise, attempt to connect with the known address
_, err := r.Switch.DialPeerWithAddress(pi.Addr, false)
if err != nil {
r.book.MarkAttempt(pi.Addr)
continue
}
}
// Crawl the connected peers asking for more addresses
for _, pi := range peerInfos {
// We will wait a minimum period of time before crawling peers again
if now.Sub(pi.LastAttempt) >= defaultCrawlPeerInterval {
peer := r.Switch.Peers().Get(pi.Addr.ID)
if peer != nil {
r.RequestAddrs(peer)
}
}
}
}
// attemptDisconnects checks if we've been with each peer long enough to disconnect
func (r *PEXReactor) attemptDisconnects() {
for _, peer := range r.Switch.Peers().List() {
status := peer.Status()
if status.Duration < defaultSeedDisconnectWaitPeriod {
continue
}
if peer.IsPersistent() {
continue
}
r.Switch.StopPeerGracefully(peer)
}
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Messages
const (
msgTypeRequest = byte(0x01)
msgTypeAddrs = byte(0x02)
)
// PexMessage is a primary type for PEX messages. Underneath, it could contain
// either pexRequestMessage, or pexAddrsMessage messages.
type PexMessage interface{}
var _ = wire.RegisterInterface(
struct{ PexMessage }{},
wire.ConcreteType{&pexRequestMessage{}, msgTypeRequest},
wire.ConcreteType{&pexAddrsMessage{}, msgTypeAddrs},
)
// DecodeMessage implements interface registered above.
func DecodeMessage(bz []byte) (msgType byte, msg PexMessage, err error) {
msgType = bz[0]
n := new(int)
r := bytes.NewReader(bz)
msg = wire.ReadBinary(struct{ PexMessage }{}, r, maxPexMessageSize, n, &err).(struct{ PexMessage }).PexMessage
return
}
/*
A pexRequestMessage requests additional peer addresses.
*/
type pexRequestMessage struct {
}
func (m *pexRequestMessage) String() string {
return "[pexRequest]"
}
/*
A message with announced peer addresses.
*/
type pexAddrsMessage struct {
Addrs []*p2p.NetAddress
}
func (m *pexAddrsMessage) String() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("[pexAddrs %v]", m.Addrs)
}