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692 lines
20 KiB
692 lines
20 KiB
package types
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import (
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"bytes"
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"encoding/json"
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"fmt"
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"strings"
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"sync"
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"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/libs/bits"
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tmproto "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/proto/tendermint/types"
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)
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const (
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// MaxVotesCount is the maximum number of votes in a set. Used in ValidateBasic funcs for
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// protection against DOS attacks. Note this implies a corresponding equal limit to
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// the number of validators.
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MaxVotesCount = 10000
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)
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/*
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VoteSet helps collect signatures from validators at each height+round for a
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predefined vote type.
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We need VoteSet to be able to keep track of conflicting votes when validators
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double-sign. Yet, we can't keep track of *all* the votes seen, as that could
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be a DoS attack vector.
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There are two storage areas for votes.
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1. voteSet.votes
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2. voteSet.votesByBlock
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`.votes` is the "canonical" list of votes. It always has at least one vote,
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if a vote from a validator had been seen at all. Usually it keeps track of
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the first vote seen, but when a 2/3 majority is found, votes for that get
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priority and are copied over from `.votesByBlock`.
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`.votesByBlock` keeps track of a list of votes for a particular block. There
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are two ways a &blockVotes{} gets created in `.votesByBlock`.
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1. the first vote seen by a validator was for the particular block.
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2. a peer claims to have seen 2/3 majority for the particular block.
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Since the first vote from a validator will always get added in `.votesByBlock`
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, all votes in `.votes` will have a corresponding entry in `.votesByBlock`.
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When a &blockVotes{} in `.votesByBlock` reaches a 2/3 majority quorum, its
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votes are copied into `.votes`.
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All this is memory bounded because conflicting votes only get added if a peer
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told us to track that block, each peer only gets to tell us 1 such block, and,
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there's only a limited number of peers.
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NOTE: Assumes that the sum total of voting power does not exceed MaxUInt64.
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*/
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type VoteSet struct {
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chainID string
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height int64
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round int32
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signedMsgType tmproto.SignedMsgType
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valSet *ValidatorSet
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mtx sync.Mutex
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votesBitArray *bits.BitArray
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votes []*Vote // Primary votes to share
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sum int64 // Sum of voting power for seen votes, discounting conflicts
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maj23 *BlockID // First 2/3 majority seen
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votesByBlock map[string]*blockVotes // string(blockHash|blockParts) -> blockVotes
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peerMaj23s map[string]BlockID // Maj23 for each peer
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}
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// Constructs a new VoteSet struct used to accumulate votes for given height/round.
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func NewVoteSet(chainID string, height int64, round int32,
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signedMsgType tmproto.SignedMsgType, valSet *ValidatorSet) *VoteSet {
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if height == 0 {
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panic("Cannot make VoteSet for height == 0, doesn't make sense.")
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}
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return &VoteSet{
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chainID: chainID,
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height: height,
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round: round,
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signedMsgType: signedMsgType,
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valSet: valSet,
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votesBitArray: bits.NewBitArray(valSet.Size()),
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votes: make([]*Vote, valSet.Size()),
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sum: 0,
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maj23: nil,
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votesByBlock: make(map[string]*blockVotes, valSet.Size()),
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peerMaj23s: make(map[string]BlockID),
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}
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) ChainID() string {
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return voteSet.chainID
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}
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) GetHeight() int64 {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return 0
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}
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return voteSet.height
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}
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) GetRound() int32 {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return -1
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}
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return voteSet.round
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}
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) Type() byte {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return 0x00
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}
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return byte(voteSet.signedMsgType)
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}
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) Size() int {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return 0
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}
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return voteSet.valSet.Size()
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}
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// Returns added=true if vote is valid and new.
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// Otherwise returns err=ErrVote[
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// UnexpectedStep | InvalidIndex | InvalidAddress |
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// InvalidSignature | InvalidBlockHash | ConflictingVotes ]
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// Duplicate votes return added=false, err=nil.
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// Conflicting votes return added=*, err=ErrVoteConflictingVotes.
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// NOTE: vote should not be mutated after adding.
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// NOTE: VoteSet must not be nil
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// NOTE: Vote must not be nil
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) AddVote(vote *Vote) (added bool, err error) {
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if voteSet == nil {
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panic("AddVote() on nil VoteSet")
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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return voteSet.addVote(vote)
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}
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// NOTE: Validates as much as possible before attempting to verify the signature.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) addVote(vote *Vote) (added bool, err error) {
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if vote == nil {
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return false, ErrVoteNil
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}
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valIndex := vote.ValidatorIndex
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valAddr := vote.ValidatorAddress
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blockKey := vote.BlockID.Key()
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// Ensure that validator index was set
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if valIndex < 0 {
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return false, fmt.Errorf("index < 0: %w", ErrVoteInvalidValidatorIndex)
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} else if len(valAddr) == 0 {
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return false, fmt.Errorf("empty address: %w", ErrVoteInvalidValidatorAddress)
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}
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// Make sure the step matches.
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if (vote.Height != voteSet.height) ||
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(vote.Round != voteSet.round) ||
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(vote.Type != voteSet.signedMsgType) {
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return false, fmt.Errorf("expected %d/%d/%d, but got %d/%d/%d: %w",
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voteSet.height, voteSet.round, voteSet.signedMsgType,
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vote.Height, vote.Round, vote.Type, ErrVoteUnexpectedStep)
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}
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// Ensure that signer is a validator.
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lookupAddr, val := voteSet.valSet.GetByIndex(valIndex)
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if val == nil {
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return false, fmt.Errorf(
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"cannot find validator %d in valSet of size %d: %w",
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valIndex, voteSet.valSet.Size(), ErrVoteInvalidValidatorIndex)
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}
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// Ensure that the signer has the right address.
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if !bytes.Equal(valAddr, lookupAddr) {
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return false, fmt.Errorf(
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"vote.ValidatorAddress (%X) does not match address (%X) for vote.ValidatorIndex (%d)\n"+
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"Ensure the genesis file is correct across all validators: %w",
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valAddr, lookupAddr, valIndex, ErrVoteInvalidValidatorAddress)
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}
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// If we already know of this vote, return false.
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if existing, ok := voteSet.getVote(valIndex, blockKey); ok {
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if bytes.Equal(existing.Signature, vote.Signature) {
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return false, nil // duplicate
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}
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return false, fmt.Errorf("existing vote: %v; new vote: %v: %w", existing, vote, ErrVoteNonDeterministicSignature)
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}
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// Check signature.
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if err := vote.Verify(voteSet.chainID, val.PubKey); err != nil {
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return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to verify vote with ChainID %s and PubKey %s: %w", voteSet.chainID, val.PubKey, err)
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}
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// Add vote and get conflicting vote if any.
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added, conflicting := voteSet.addVerifiedVote(vote, blockKey, val.VotingPower)
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if conflicting != nil {
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return added, NewConflictingVoteError(conflicting, vote)
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}
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if !added {
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panic("Expected to add non-conflicting vote")
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}
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return added, nil
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}
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// Returns (vote, true) if vote exists for valIndex and blockKey.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) getVote(valIndex int32, blockKey string) (vote *Vote, ok bool) {
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if existing := voteSet.votes[valIndex]; existing != nil && existing.BlockID.Key() == blockKey {
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return existing, true
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}
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if existing := voteSet.votesByBlock[blockKey].getByIndex(valIndex); existing != nil {
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return existing, true
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}
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return nil, false
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) GetVotes() []*Vote {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return nil
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}
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return voteSet.votes
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}
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// Assumes signature is valid.
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// If conflicting vote exists, returns it.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) addVerifiedVote(
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vote *Vote,
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blockKey string,
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votingPower int64,
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) (added bool, conflicting *Vote) {
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valIndex := vote.ValidatorIndex
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// Already exists in voteSet.votes?
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if existing := voteSet.votes[valIndex]; existing != nil {
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if existing.BlockID.Equals(vote.BlockID) {
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panic("addVerifiedVote does not expect duplicate votes")
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} else {
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conflicting = existing
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}
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// Replace vote if blockKey matches voteSet.maj23.
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if voteSet.maj23 != nil && voteSet.maj23.Key() == blockKey {
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voteSet.votes[valIndex] = vote
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voteSet.votesBitArray.SetIndex(int(valIndex), true)
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}
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// Otherwise don't add it to voteSet.votes
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} else {
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// Add to voteSet.votes and incr .sum
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voteSet.votes[valIndex] = vote
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voteSet.votesBitArray.SetIndex(int(valIndex), true)
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voteSet.sum += votingPower
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}
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votesByBlock, ok := voteSet.votesByBlock[blockKey]
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if ok {
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if conflicting != nil && !votesByBlock.peerMaj23 {
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// There's a conflict and no peer claims that this block is special.
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return false, conflicting
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}
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// We'll add the vote in a bit.
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} else {
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// .votesByBlock doesn't exist...
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if conflicting != nil {
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// ... and there's a conflicting vote.
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// We're not even tracking this blockKey, so just forget it.
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return false, conflicting
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}
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// ... and there's no conflicting vote.
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// Start tracking this blockKey
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votesByBlock = newBlockVotes(false, voteSet.valSet.Size())
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voteSet.votesByBlock[blockKey] = votesByBlock
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// We'll add the vote in a bit.
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}
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// Before adding to votesByBlock, see if we'll exceed quorum
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origSum := votesByBlock.sum
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quorum := voteSet.valSet.TotalVotingPower()*2/3 + 1
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// Add vote to votesByBlock
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votesByBlock.addVerifiedVote(vote, votingPower)
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// If we just crossed the quorum threshold and have 2/3 majority...
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if origSum < quorum && quorum <= votesByBlock.sum {
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// Only consider the first quorum reached
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if voteSet.maj23 == nil {
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maj23BlockID := vote.BlockID
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voteSet.maj23 = &maj23BlockID
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// And also copy votes over to voteSet.votes
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for i, vote := range votesByBlock.votes {
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if vote != nil {
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voteSet.votes[i] = vote
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}
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}
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}
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}
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return true, conflicting
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}
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// If a peer claims that it has 2/3 majority for given blockKey, call this.
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// NOTE: if there are too many peers, or too much peer churn,
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// this can cause memory issues.
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// TODO: implement ability to remove peers too
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// NOTE: VoteSet must not be nil
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) SetPeerMaj23(peerID string, blockID BlockID) error {
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if voteSet == nil {
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panic("SetPeerMaj23() on nil VoteSet")
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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blockKey := blockID.Key()
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// Make sure peer hasn't already told us something.
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if existing, ok := voteSet.peerMaj23s[peerID]; ok {
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if existing.Equals(blockID) {
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return nil // Nothing to do
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}
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return fmt.Errorf("setPeerMaj23: Received conflicting blockID from peer %v. Got %v, expected %v",
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peerID, blockID, existing)
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}
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voteSet.peerMaj23s[peerID] = blockID
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// Create .votesByBlock entry if needed.
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votesByBlock, ok := voteSet.votesByBlock[blockKey]
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if ok {
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if votesByBlock.peerMaj23 {
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return nil // Nothing to do
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}
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votesByBlock.peerMaj23 = true
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// No need to copy votes, already there.
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} else {
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votesByBlock = newBlockVotes(true, voteSet.valSet.Size())
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voteSet.votesByBlock[blockKey] = votesByBlock
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// No need to copy votes, no votes to copy over.
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}
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return nil
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}
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) BitArray() *bits.BitArray {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return nil
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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return voteSet.votesBitArray.Copy()
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) BitArrayByBlockID(blockID BlockID) *bits.BitArray {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return nil
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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votesByBlock, ok := voteSet.votesByBlock[blockID.Key()]
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if ok {
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return votesByBlock.bitArray.Copy()
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}
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return nil
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}
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// NOTE: if validator has conflicting votes, returns "canonical" vote
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) GetByIndex(valIndex int32) *Vote {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return nil
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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if int(valIndex) >= len(voteSet.votes) {
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return nil
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}
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return voteSet.votes[valIndex]
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}
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// List returns a copy of the list of votes stored by the VoteSet.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) List() []Vote {
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if voteSet == nil || voteSet.votes == nil {
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return nil
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}
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votes := make([]Vote, 0, len(voteSet.votes))
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for i := range voteSet.votes {
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if voteSet.votes[i] != nil {
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votes = append(votes, *voteSet.votes[i])
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}
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}
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return votes
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) GetByAddress(address []byte) *Vote {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return nil
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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valIndex, val := voteSet.valSet.GetByAddress(address)
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if val == nil {
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panic("GetByAddress(address) returned nil")
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}
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return voteSet.votes[valIndex]
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) HasTwoThirdsMajority() bool {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return false
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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return voteSet.maj23 != nil
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}
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// Implements VoteSetReader.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) IsCommit() bool {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return false
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}
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if voteSet.signedMsgType != tmproto.PrecommitType {
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return false
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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return voteSet.maj23 != nil
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) HasTwoThirdsAny() bool {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return false
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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return voteSet.sum > voteSet.valSet.TotalVotingPower()*2/3
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}
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) HasAll() bool {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return false
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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return voteSet.sum == voteSet.valSet.TotalVotingPower()
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}
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// If there was a +2/3 majority for blockID, return blockID and true.
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// Else, return the empty BlockID{} and false.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) TwoThirdsMajority() (blockID BlockID, ok bool) {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return BlockID{}, false
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}
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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if voteSet.maj23 != nil {
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return *voteSet.maj23, true
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}
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return BlockID{}, false
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}
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//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Strings and JSON
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const nilVoteSetString = "nil-VoteSet"
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// String returns a string representation of VoteSet.
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//
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// See StringIndented.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) String() string {
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if voteSet == nil {
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return nilVoteSetString
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}
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return voteSet.StringIndented("")
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}
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// StringIndented returns an indented String.
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//
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// Height Round Type
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// Votes
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// Votes bit array
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// 2/3+ majority
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//
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// See Vote#String.
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) StringIndented(indent string) string {
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
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defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
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voteStrings := make([]string, len(voteSet.votes))
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for i, vote := range voteSet.votes {
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if vote == nil {
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voteStrings[i] = nilVoteStr
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} else {
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voteStrings[i] = vote.String()
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}
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}
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return fmt.Sprintf(`VoteSet{
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%s H:%v R:%v T:%v
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%s %v
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%s %v
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%s %v
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%s}`,
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indent, voteSet.height, voteSet.round, voteSet.signedMsgType,
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indent, strings.Join(voteStrings, "\n"+indent+" "),
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indent, voteSet.votesBitArray,
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indent, voteSet.peerMaj23s,
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indent)
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}
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// Marshal the VoteSet to JSON. Same as String(), just in JSON,
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// and without the height/round/signedMsgType (since its already included in the votes).
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func (voteSet *VoteSet) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
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voteSet.mtx.Lock()
|
|
defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
|
|
return json.Marshal(VoteSetJSON{
|
|
voteSet.voteStrings(),
|
|
voteSet.bitArrayString(),
|
|
voteSet.peerMaj23s,
|
|
})
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// More human readable JSON of the vote set
|
|
// NOTE: insufficient for unmarshaling from (compressed votes)
|
|
// TODO: make the peerMaj23s nicer to read (eg just the block hash)
|
|
type VoteSetJSON struct {
|
|
Votes []string `json:"votes"`
|
|
VotesBitArray string `json:"votes_bit_array"`
|
|
PeerMaj23s map[string]BlockID `json:"peer_maj_23s"`
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Return the bit-array of votes including
|
|
// the fraction of power that has voted like:
|
|
// "BA{29:xx__x__x_x___x__x_______xxx__} 856/1304 = 0.66"
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) BitArrayString() string {
|
|
voteSet.mtx.Lock()
|
|
defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
|
|
return voteSet.bitArrayString()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) bitArrayString() string {
|
|
bAString := voteSet.votesBitArray.String()
|
|
voted, total, fracVoted := voteSet.sumTotalFrac()
|
|
return fmt.Sprintf("%s %d/%d = %.2f", bAString, voted, total, fracVoted)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Returns a list of votes compressed to more readable strings.
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) VoteStrings() []string {
|
|
voteSet.mtx.Lock()
|
|
defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
|
|
return voteSet.voteStrings()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) voteStrings() []string {
|
|
voteStrings := make([]string, len(voteSet.votes))
|
|
for i, vote := range voteSet.votes {
|
|
if vote == nil {
|
|
voteStrings[i] = nilVoteStr
|
|
} else {
|
|
voteStrings[i] = vote.String()
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return voteStrings
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// StringShort returns a short representation of VoteSet.
|
|
//
|
|
// 1. height
|
|
// 2. round
|
|
// 3. signed msg type
|
|
// 4. first 2/3+ majority
|
|
// 5. fraction of voted power
|
|
// 6. votes bit array
|
|
// 7. 2/3+ majority for each peer
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) StringShort() string {
|
|
if voteSet == nil {
|
|
return nilVoteSetString
|
|
}
|
|
voteSet.mtx.Lock()
|
|
defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
|
|
_, _, frac := voteSet.sumTotalFrac()
|
|
return fmt.Sprintf(`VoteSet{H:%v R:%v T:%v +2/3:%v(%v) %v %v}`,
|
|
voteSet.height, voteSet.round, voteSet.signedMsgType, voteSet.maj23, frac, voteSet.votesBitArray, voteSet.peerMaj23s)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// LogString produces a logging suitable string representation of the
|
|
// vote set.
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) LogString() string {
|
|
if voteSet == nil {
|
|
return nilVoteSetString
|
|
}
|
|
voteSet.mtx.Lock()
|
|
defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
|
|
voted, total, frac := voteSet.sumTotalFrac()
|
|
|
|
return fmt.Sprintf("Votes:%d/%d(%.3f)", voted, total, frac)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// return the power voted, the total, and the fraction
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) sumTotalFrac() (int64, int64, float64) {
|
|
voted, total := voteSet.sum, voteSet.valSet.TotalVotingPower()
|
|
fracVoted := float64(voted) / float64(total)
|
|
return voted, total, fracVoted
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
// Commit
|
|
|
|
// MakeCommit constructs a Commit from the VoteSet. It only includes precommits
|
|
// for the block, which has 2/3+ majority, and nil.
|
|
//
|
|
// Panics if the vote type is not PrecommitType or if there's no +2/3 votes for
|
|
// a single block.
|
|
func (voteSet *VoteSet) MakeCommit() *Commit {
|
|
if voteSet.signedMsgType != tmproto.PrecommitType {
|
|
panic("Cannot MakeCommit() unless VoteSet.Type is PrecommitType")
|
|
}
|
|
voteSet.mtx.Lock()
|
|
defer voteSet.mtx.Unlock()
|
|
|
|
// Make sure we have a 2/3 majority
|
|
if voteSet.maj23 == nil {
|
|
panic("Cannot MakeCommit() unless a blockhash has +2/3")
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// For every validator, get the precommit
|
|
commitSigs := make([]CommitSig, len(voteSet.votes))
|
|
for i, v := range voteSet.votes {
|
|
commitSig := v.CommitSig()
|
|
// if block ID exists but doesn't match, exclude sig
|
|
if commitSig.ForBlock() && !v.BlockID.Equals(*voteSet.maj23) {
|
|
commitSig = NewCommitSigAbsent()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
commitSigs[i] = commitSig
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return NewCommit(voteSet.GetHeight(), voteSet.GetRound(), *voteSet.maj23, commitSigs)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
Votes for a particular block
|
|
There are two ways a *blockVotes gets created for a blockKey.
|
|
1. first (non-conflicting) vote of a validator w/ blockKey (peerMaj23=false)
|
|
2. A peer claims to have a 2/3 majority w/ blockKey (peerMaj23=true)
|
|
*/
|
|
type blockVotes struct {
|
|
peerMaj23 bool // peer claims to have maj23
|
|
bitArray *bits.BitArray // valIndex -> hasVote?
|
|
votes []*Vote // valIndex -> *Vote
|
|
sum int64 // vote sum
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
func newBlockVotes(peerMaj23 bool, numValidators int) *blockVotes {
|
|
return &blockVotes{
|
|
peerMaj23: peerMaj23,
|
|
bitArray: bits.NewBitArray(numValidators),
|
|
votes: make([]*Vote, numValidators),
|
|
sum: 0,
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
func (vs *blockVotes) addVerifiedVote(vote *Vote, votingPower int64) {
|
|
valIndex := vote.ValidatorIndex
|
|
if existing := vs.votes[valIndex]; existing == nil {
|
|
vs.bitArray.SetIndex(int(valIndex), true)
|
|
vs.votes[valIndex] = vote
|
|
vs.sum += votingPower
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
func (vs *blockVotes) getByIndex(index int32) *Vote {
|
|
if vs == nil {
|
|
return nil
|
|
}
|
|
return vs.votes[index]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
// Common interface between *consensus.VoteSet and types.Commit
|
|
type VoteSetReader interface {
|
|
GetHeight() int64
|
|
GetRound() int32
|
|
Type() byte
|
|
Size() int
|
|
BitArray() *bits.BitArray
|
|
GetByIndex(int32) *Vote
|
|
IsCommit() bool
|
|
}
|