Currently the top level directory contains basically all of the code
for the crypto package. This PR moves the crypto code into submodules
in a similar manner to what `golang/x/crypto` does. This improves code
organization.

Ref discussion: https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/1966

Closes #1956

* Add private peer ID tracking to AddrBook

* Remove private peer tracking/blocking from pex

* debug level msg when we fail to add private address

* config: 10x default send/recv rate

This increases the default send/recv rate from 512 kB/s to 5.12 mB/s

Closes #1752

* Fix typo

This reverts commit d02c5d1e30.

* limit the number of requests in flights for Prometheus server

Closes #1804

Default to 1 because usually there's just one collector.

* config: Up default for prom connections

* new config option for external address to advertise
* if blank, defaults to best guess from listener
* if laddr ip address is also blank, default to IPv4

except now we calculate the max size using the maxPacketMsgSize()
function, which frees developers from having to know amino encoding
details.

plus, 10 additional bytes are added to leave the room for amino upgrades
(both making it more efficient / less efficient)

* config: rename skip_upnp to upnp

Change default option to enable upnp.

Closes #1806

* doc updates

- fix comment and set UPNP to false in TestP2PConfig
- add UPNP to config template
- update changelog

Refs #1740

also, expose limit option for number concurrent streams for gRPC
(unlimited by default)

This reverts commit 96a3502

* Switch ports 466xx to be 266xx
This is done so the default ports aren't in the linux kernel's default ephemeral port range.

* Update ABCI import

* Bump cache on circleci

* Get more verbose output for debugging

* Bump abci dependency

* Fix accidental change of a block header's hash

* pin abci release

Instead of mutating the passed in MConnConfig part of P2PConfig we just
use the default and override the values, the same as before as it was
always the default version. This is yet another good reason to not embed
information and access to config structs in our components and will go
away with the ongoing refactoring in #1325.

As both configs are concerned with the p2p packaage and PeerConfig is
only used inside of the package there is no good reason to keep the
couple of fields separate, therefore it is collapsed into the more
general P2PConifg. This is a stepping stone towards a setup where the
components inside of p2p do not have any knowledge about the config.

follow-up to #1325

As we didn't hear any voices requesting this feature, we removed the
option to disable it and always have peer connection auth encrypted.

closes #1518
follow-up #1325

In some scenarios like tests we want to disable the guard which prevents
peers connecting from the same ip.

Fixes #1632
Closes #1634

Refs #345

* improve testnet cmd

* allow non-validators
* configurable prefix
* populating of persistent peers

* relax permissions

* cleanup output dir every time

* do not remove dir

* remove panic comments

Closes #1428

* use increment and decrement operators.

* remove unnecessary else branches.

* fix package comment with leading space.

* fix receiver names.

* fix error strings.

* remove omittable code.

* remove redundant return statement.

* Revert changes (code is generated.)

* use cfg as receiver name for all config-related types.

* use lsi as the receiver name for the LastSignedInfo type.

* cfg: Uniform style for method args and var names

Refs #1126

* remove accidental binary

* docs: s/Dummy&dummy/KVStore&kvstore/g

* glide update to abci

* update abci import paths

* dummy begone, hello kvstore

* RequestInitChain needs genesisBytes

* glide update

* expose AuthEnc in the P2P config

if AuthEnc is true, dialed peers must have a node ID in the address and
it must match the persistent pubkey from the secret handshake.

Refs #1157

* fixes after my own review

* fix docs

* fix build failure

```
p2p/pex/pex_reactor_test.go:288:88: cannot use seed.NodeInfo().NetAddress() (type *p2p.NetAddress) as type string in array or slice literal
```

* p2p: introduce peerConn to simplify peer creation

* Introduce `peerConn` containing the known fields of `peer`
* `peer` only created in `sw.addPeer` once handshake is complete and NodeInfo is checked
* Eliminates some mutable variables and makes the code flow better
* Simplifies the `newXxxPeer` funcs
* Use ID instead of PubKey where possible.
        * SetPubKeyFilter -> SetIDFilter
        * nodeInfo.Validate takes ID
        * remove peer.PubKey()

* persistent node ids

* fixes from review

* test: use ip_plus_id.sh more

* fix invalid memory panic during fast_sync test

```
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: panic: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: [signal SIGSEGV: segmentation violation code=0x1 addr=0x20 pc=0x98dd3e]
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]:
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: goroutine 3432 [running]:
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p.newOutboundPeerConn(0xc423fd1380, 0xc420933e00, 0x1, 0x1239a60, 0
xc420128c40, 0x2, 0x42caf6, 0xc42001f300, 0xc422831d98, 0xc4227951c0, ...)
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: #011/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/peer.go:123 +0x31e
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p.(*Switch).addOutboundPeerWithConfig(0xc4200ad040, 0xc423fd1380, 0
xc420933e00, 0xc423f48801, 0x28, 0x2)
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: #011/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/switch.go:455 +0x12b
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p.(*Switch).DialPeerWithAddress(0xc4200ad040, 0xc423fd1380, 0x1, 0x
0, 0x0)
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: #011/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/switch.go:371 +0xdc
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p.(*Switch).reconnectToPeer(0xc4200ad040, 0x123e000, 0xc42007bb00)
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: #011/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/switch.go:290 +0x25f
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: created by github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p.(*Switch).StopPeerForError
2018-02-21T06:30:05Z box887.localdomain docker/local_testnet_4[14907]: #011/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/switch.go:256 +0x1b7
```

Following ADDR 008 the node will connect to an external
process to handle signing requests. Operation of the external process is
left to the user.

* introduce alias for PrivValidator interface on socket client
* integrate socket client in node
* structure tests
* remove unnecessary flag

Also, we should allow "main" module to log INFO messages like

```
I[02-07|07:57:25.074] Found private validator                      module=main path=/home/vagrant/.tendermint/config/priv_validator.json
I[02-07|07:57:25.076] Found genesis file                           module=main path=/home/vagrant/.tendermint/config/genesis.json
```

Refs https://github.com/cosmos/gaia/issues/118

**BEFORE**:
```
$ tendermint init

```

**AFTER**:
```
$ tendermint init
I[02-07|07:57:25.074] Found private validator                      module=main path=/home/vagrant/.tendermint/config/priv_validator.json
I[02-07|07:57:25.076] Found genesis file                           module=main path=/home/vagrant/.tendermint/config/genesis.json
```